ABSTRACT
The collection and distribution network of ports is the main cause of carbon emissions. The carbon peak is a basic policy in China, and the subsidy policy is one of the common measures used by the government to incentivize carbon reduction. We analyzed the transportation methods and the flow direction of a port and proposed a carbon emission calculation method based on emission factors. Based on the transportation time and the cost, a generalized transportation utility function was constructed, and the logit model was used to analyze the impacts of subsidy policies on transportation, thus calculating the effects of the subsidies on carbon reduction. We used Guangzhou Port as a case study, and calculated the carbon reduction effects in six different subsidy policy scenarios and concluded that the absolute carbon reduction value was proportional to the subsidy intensity. In addition, we constructed a subsidy carbon reduction efficiency index and found that the Guangzhou Port collection and distribution network had higher subsidy carbon reduction efficiency in low-subsidy scenarios. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on the subsidy parameters, and scenario 8 was found to have the highest subsidy carbon reduction efficiency. This achievement can provide decision support for the carbon emission strategy of the port collection and distribution network.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted international economics and trade, including cargo transportation. As a result, enhancing the resilience of transport and logistics in the post–COVID-19 era has become a general trend. Multimodal transport, with its advantages of speed, large volume and multiple modes, has increasingly gained attention from countries worldwide. However, multimodal transport logistics is a complex and systematic process. Its smooth flow depends not only on the transport itself, but also on the efficient supervision of customs and other government departments at ports. This study employs the theory and method of a super-network to establish a model of multimodal transport logistics, which includes TIR-based sea–road multimodal transport and customs supervision relationships. Structural and resilience-related characteristics of the super-network are analyzed, and performance parameters of the super-network are proposed. A simulation analysis is conducted, and based on the results, countermeasures to improve the resilience and promote risk management of multimodal transport logistics in the post–COVID-19 era are suggested. The findings of this study provide an exploration of more effective ways to ensure the smoothness of multimodal transport logistics and improve system resilience. The study concludes with theoretical and managerial implications. © 2023 by the authors.
ABSTRACT
Driven by globalization, the COVID-19 outbreak has severely impacted global transport and logistics systems. To better cope with this globalization crisis, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)-based on the concept of cooperation-is more important than ever in the post-pandemic era. Taking the BRI as the background, we design an intermodal hub-and-spoke network to provide reference for governments along BRI routes to improve their cross-border transportation system and promote economic recovery. In the context of the BRI, local governments at different nodes have incentives to subsidize hub construction and/or rail transportation to boost economic development. We consider co-opetition behavior among different levels of government caused by subsidies in this intermodal hub location problem, which we call the intermodal hub location problem based on government subsidies. We establish a two-stage mixed-integer programming model. In the first stage, local governments provide subsidies, then the central government decides the number and location of hubs. In the second stage, freight carriers choose the optimal route to transport the goods. To solve the model, we design an optimization method combining a population-based algorithm using contest theory. The results show that rail subsidies are positively correlated with construction subsidies but are not necessarily related to the choice of hubs. Compared with monomodal transportation, intermodal transportation can reduce costs more effectively when there are not too many hubs and the cost of different modes of transportation varies greatly. The influences of local government competition and hub construction investment on network design and government subsidies are further examined.
ABSTRACT
The major ports along the coast of China that undertake container transportation are all facing problems in collection and dispatching to a certain extent. In particular, due to the recent impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, truck drivers have difficulty moving across regions, and there was once a phenomenon of no containers being transported by vehicles. This paper sorted out the basic situation of container port collection and dispatching methods all over the world. Taking Shenzhen Port as an example, this paper focused on the analysis of the structural characteristics of container transportation and the impact on the rear urban traffic and atmospheric environment. Then it proposed a intermodal transportation network and established the 'Port Shuttle Hub System' model, which would closely link the port with the railway and inland port, and integrate the transportation organization mode, which greatly improves the efficiency of port containers' transportation. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Road transport is in most cases the only available transport option in rural regions with undeveloped railway infrastructure. The problem of choosing the structure of the logistics chain is one of the most important ones that forwarding companies must solve when planning freight transportation. Due to political peculiarities, transportation of goods by road through the territory of Kazakhstan must be carried out by national forwarders, which results in centralizing the decision-making process and shifting the tasks of designing the structure of supply chains to the Kazakh forwarding companies. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to solve the problem of choosing the right structure for a logistics chain. The proposed model considers the existing legal constraints in the region. Based on a simulated demand for cargo deliveries from China to Russia, we use a numerical example to show how to justify the structure of the logistics chain characterized by minimal total costs of the companies involved in the delivery process.
ABSTRACT
The international trade is totally relying on shipping, more than 90% of the international trade is dependent on shipping. The dependence of shipping in the international trade is due to its low-cost transportation. The container ships are more popular in the international trade, as the containers are easy to handle at ports, reducing the turnaround time for ship, reducing the dwell time of cargo, containerization provides better security for the cargo, also used in multimodal and intermodal transportation and also facilitating liner trade. The outbreak of COVID virus has put the entire world shipping industry in mess, causing great havoc to all economies. This paper analysis the impact of COVID on the traffic of international container vessels and also, how the impact has affected the growth of world container port throughput. If the world container port throughput is affected, then the traffic of container vessels is also affected. The traffic of the world container port throughput is linked with number of container ships around the globe and with container ships in dead weight. The Study is analysed, with 10 years’ data (2011-2020) taken from secondary sources. The data is analysed using DEA-Efficient Frontier. The efficient frontier signifies an efficiency mark in the entire set of decision-making units (DMU). Each year is considered as a decision-making unit, to find out the efficiency year-on-year, in the first model comparison was made keeping world container port throughput as output (O) and number of ships globally is assigned as input (I). In the second model efficiency was compared with world container port throughput as output (O) and container ships dead weight as input (I). The Relative efficiency is also calculated, that is, by dividing efficiency of DMU’s by the best efficient DMU. Before applying DEA, it is ascertained that the world container port throughput is correlated with number of container ships around the globe and similarly world container port throughput is correlated with container ships in dead weight. To study the impact of growth of world container port throughput, compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is calculated on a year-on-year basis. The traffic of the world container port throughput has declined in 2020, the efficiency and the relative efficiency calculated also shows a downward trend. The compound annual growth rate also shows a negative growth in 2020. This reflects that the world container port throughput has declined in 2020, which means the traffic of container vessels throughout the word has suffered enormously, essentially due to the impact of COVID virus. © 2021 21st Annual General Assembly, IAMU AGA 2021 - Proceedings of the International Association of Maritime Universities ,IAMU Conference. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
In recent years, the e-commerce market has grown significantly, and the online retail market has become very competitive. Online retailers strive to improve their supply chain operations to reduce costs and to improve customer satisfaction. Value stream mapping (VSM), a tool created by the lean production movement to identify and reduce errors, losses, and lead time and to improve value-added activities, has been proven to be effective in many manufacturing processes. In this study, we investigate the application of value stream mapping (VSM) in the supply chain of an e-commerce retailer on Amazon. By visualizing the entire supply chain with VSM, the waste that is produced during the delivery process from the retailer to the customer was identified. The five whys method was then applied to find the root cause of the waste. Furthermore, a scoring method was developed to evaluate and compare two different supply chain logistic models to identify a strategy for improvement. This study provides a systematic methodology to understand, evaluate, and improve the entire e-commerce supply chain process utilizing VSM. It was demonstrated that the methodology could improve supply chain management efficiency, customer satisfaction, and cost reduction.